Duration : 0:4:27

Tags: cat, diabetes, diabetic, mellitus, Neuropathy

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus today is a global epidemic, a continuing challenge despite the availability of effective therapeutic agents. Current treatment guidelines emphasize early and aggressive treatment targetting the known pathophysiological defects in type 2 diabetes. Yet the reality in clinical practice shows that fewer than 50% of patients under treatment achieve HbA1c levels even in developed countries.
More recently, the addition of incretin-based therapy offers significant solutions to the progressive loss of pancreatic beta cell function and other unmet needs in effective diabetes management. In this session, the role of diminished incretin effects in the metabolic derangements in type 2 diabetes will be reviewed. The mechanism of actions and the therapeutic uses of both incretin enhancers and incretin mimetics will be discussed, highlighting efficacy and safety data since they have been available for use in clinical practice. The role of these agents in addressing earliest defects in glucose homeostasis and postprandial hyperglycemia implies potential of preservation of beta cell function. Incretin-based therapy should clearly be considered as a major part of effective diabetes management in current clinical practice.

Duration : 0:7:9

Tags: diabetes, diabetic, lecture, medicine, mellitus, philippines, physician

Expert: Heidi Kaufman
Bio: Heidi Kaufman is a nutritionist that focuses on disorder prevention through diet. She gives lectures and teaches class at the local hospital about how to live with diabetes.
Filmmaker: Reggie Hayes

Duration : 0:1:45

Tags: blood, causes, diabetes, diabetic, Diet, Expert, free, high, how, II, low, nutrition, of, sugar, symptoms, to, type, Village

Signs and symptoms
==================

The classical triad of diabetes symptoms is polyuria, polydipsia and polyphagia, which are, respectively,
frequent urination; increased thirst and consequent increased fluid intake; and increased appetite. Symptoms may develop quite rapidly (weeks or months)
in type 1 diabetes, particularly in children. However, in type 2 diabetes the symptoms develop much more slowly and may be subtle or completely absent. Type 1 diabetes may also cause a rapid yet significant weight loss (despite normal or even increased eating) and irreducible fatigue. All of these symptoms except weight loss can also manifest in type 2 diabetes in patients whose diabetes is poorly controlled.

When the glucose concentration in the blood is raised beyond the renal threshold, reabsorption of glucose in
the proximal renal tubuli is incomplete, and part of the glucose remains in the urine (glycosuria). This
increases the osmotic pressure of the urine and inhibits the reabsorption of water by the kidney, resulting in
increased urine production (polyuria) and increased fluid loss. Lost blood volume will be replaced osmotically from water held in body cells, causing dehydration and increased thirst.

Prolonged high blood glucose causes glucose absorption, which leads to changes in the shape of the lenses of the eyes, resulting in vision changes. Blurred vision is a common complaint leading to a diabetes diagnosis; type 1 should always be suspected in cases of rapid vision change whereas type 2 is generally more gradual, but should still be suspected.

Patients (usually with type 1 diabetes) may also present with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA), an extreme state of
metabolic dysregulation characterized by the smell of acetone on the patient’s breath; a rapid, deep breathing known as Kussmaul breathing; polyuria; nausea; vomiting and abdominal pain; and any of many altered states of consciousness or arousal
(such as hostility and mania or, equally, confusion and lethargy). In severe DKA, coma may follow, progressing to death. Diabetic ketoacidosis is a medical emergency and requires hospital admission.

A rarer but equally severe possibility is hyperosmolar nonketotic state, which is more common in type 2 diabetes and is mainly the result of dehydration due to loss of body water. Often, the patient has been drinking extreme amounts of sugar-containing drinks, leading to a vicious circle in regard
to the water loss.

Duration : 0:0:35

Tags: 'Signs, cure, diabetes, diabetic, Diet, gestational, one, prevention, symptoms, Treatment, two, type, warning

Signs and symptoms
==================

The classical triad of diabetes symptoms is polyuria, polydipsia and polyphagia, which are, respectively,
frequent urination; increased thirst and consequent increased fluid intake; and increased appetite. Symptoms may develop quite rapidly (weeks or months)
in type 1 diabetes, particularly in children. However, in type 2 diabetes the symptoms develop much more slowly and may be subtle or completely absent. Type 1 diabetes may also cause a rapid yet significant weight loss (despite normal or even increased eating) and irreducible fatigue. All of these symptoms except weight loss can also manifest in type 2 diabetes in patients whose diabetes is poorly controlled.

When the glucose concentration in the blood is raised beyond the renal threshold, reabsorption of glucose in
the proximal renal tubuli is incomplete, and part of the glucose remains in the urine (glycosuria). This
increases the osmotic pressure of the urine and inhibits the reabsorption of water by the kidney, resulting in
increased urine production (polyuria) and increased fluid loss. Lost blood volume will be replaced osmotically from water held in body cells, causing dehydration and increased thirst.

Prolonged high blood glucose causes glucose absorption, which leads to changes in the shape of the lenses of the eyes, resulting in vision changes. Blurred vision is a common complaint leading to a diabetes diagnosis; type 1 should always be suspected in cases of rapid vision change whereas type 2 is generally more gradual, but should still be suspected.

Patients (usually with type 1 diabetes) may also present with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA), an extreme state of
metabolic dysregulation characterized by the smell of acetone on the patient’s breath; a rapid, deep breathing known as Kussmaul breathing; polyuria; nausea; vomiting and abdominal pain; and any of many altered states of consciousness or arousal
(such as hostility and mania or, equally, confusion and lethargy). In severe DKA, coma may follow, progressing to death. Diabetic ketoacidosis is a medical emergency and requires hospital admission.

A rarer but equally severe possibility is hyperosmolar nonketotic state, which is more common in type 2 diabetes and is mainly the result of dehydration due to loss of body water. Often, the patient has been drinking extreme amounts of sugar-containing drinks, leading to a vicious circle in regard
to the water loss.

Duration : 0:0:35

Tags: 'Signs, cure, diabetes, diabetic, Diet, gestational, prevention, symptoms, Treatment, two, type, warning

Expert: Heidi Kaufman
Bio: Heidi Kaufman is a nutritionist that focuses on disorder prevention through diet. She gives lectures and teaches class at the local hospital about how to live with diabetes.
Filmmaker: Reggie Hayes

Duration : 0:1:59

Tags: blood, causes, diabetes, diabetic, Diet, Expert, free, high, how, II, low, nutrition, of, sugar, symptoms, to, type, Village

Expert: Heidi Kaufman
Bio: Heidi Kaufman is a nutritionist that focuses on disorder prevention through diet. She gives lectures and teaches class at the local hospital about how to live with diabetes.
Filmmaker: Reggie Hayes

Duration : 0:1:59

Tags: blood, causes, diabetes, diabetic, Diet, Expert, free, high, how, II, low, nutrition, of, sugar, symptoms, to, type, Village

Expert: Heidi Kaufman
Bio: Heidi Kaufman is a nutritionist that focuses on disorder prevention through diet. She gives lectures and teaches class at the local hospital about how to live with diabetes.
Filmmaker: Reggie Hayes

Duration : 0:2:6

Tags: blood, causes, diabetes, diabetic, Diet, Expert, free, high, how, II, low, nutrition, of, sugar, symptoms, to, type, Village

Expert: Heidi Kaufman
Bio: Heidi Kaufman is a nutritionist that focuses on disorder prevention through diet. She gives lectures and teaches class at the local hospital about how to live with diabetes.
Filmmaker: Reggie Hayes

Duration : 0:1:33

Tags: blood, causes, diabetes, diabetic, Diet, Expert, free, high, how, II, low, nutrition, of, sugar, symptoms, to, type, Village

Duration : 0:5:10

Tags: BG, blood, cat, diabetic, ear, glucometer, glucose, home, poke, sugar, test